Miscellaneous unalloyed heavy copper solids, min. 94% copper. A cost-effective refinery and brass-mill feedstock.

ISRI Grade Name: Cliff (No. 2 Copper Scrap)

ISRI Description and Specification

Cliff is the No. 2 grade for heavy copper scrap — miscellaneous unalloyed copper, including clippings, punchings, and solid copper pieces, with a nominal copper content of 96% and minimum 94% copper on a clean, dry basis. As with the Birch/Berry relationship in wire scrap, Cliff encompasses heavy copper material that falls short of Candy’s strict cleanliness requirements — for example, lightly coated, oxidised, or mixed-form copper solids that are still substantially pure copper. Cliff must be free of heavily leaded or tinned material, solder, brass, bronze, excessively contaminated tubing, and insulated wire or burnt wire.

Who Uses Cliff Scrap

Copper refineries, fire refiners, and brass ingot producers are the primary consumers of Cliff, using it as a cost-effective high-copper feedstock. The 94% copper minimum allows for straightforward value-in-use calculation, making Cliff a commercially predictable material for large-volume procurement. In India’s growing secondary copper market, Cliff is consumed alongside Birch by domestic processors seeking to optimise scrap mix economics. Plumbing and HVAC contractors, industrial equipment dismantlers, and electrical infrastructure replacement projects are typical domestic Cliff scrap generators.